Glossary of Terms

Angiogram: 

X-ray examination of blood vessels.

Anti-convulsant:
The name given to drugs which help to reduce or prevent seizure activity.

Benign:
A tumour that is not cancerous.

Biopsy:
Is the removal of a piece of tissue for examination under a microscope.

Craniotomy:
Is the surgical opening of skull in order to expose the brain underneath.

CT/Cat scan (Computerised axial tomography):
A computer aided x-ray that shows up tissue mass as well as bone

Cyst:
An abnormal sac or closed cavity that is filled with fluid or semisolid matter

Dysphasia:
A language disorder where words are jumbled when spoken.

EEG (Electroencephalogram):
A recording of the electrical activity of the brain.

Epilepsy:
Disorder of brain function characterised by fits or seizures.

Gamma rays:
Electromagnetic radiation of wave lengths shorter than x-rays which are given off by certain radioactive substances

Fiducials:
Markers placed on a patients head prior to a steriotactic procedure.

High grade tumour:
A tumour that grows quickly, normally over a few months.

Low grade tumour:
A tumour that develops slowly over a number of years.
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Malignant:
A tumour that is cancerous.

Meninges:
The coverings of the brain and spinal cord of which there are three~Dura matter, Arachnoid matter and Pia matter.

Metastases:
The spread of disease from a malignant tumour to a second site. These can also be referred to as secondaries.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):
A type of scan that uses magnetic waves to produce a detailed image of internal structures.

Neurologist:
A Doctor who specialises in medical conditions of the nervous system.

Neurosurgeon:
A Doctor who specialises in the surgical treatment of problems within the nervous system.

Pathology:
The study of tissues/cells to determine their exact nature.

Pathologist:
A Doctor who specialises in the examination of tissues/cells in the laboratory to determine their exact nature.

Primary:
The area in which the tumour first started.

Prognosis:
The assessment of the future course and probable outcome of a patients condition.

Shunt:
A device/catheter that is inserted in order to remove excess fluid from the brain or the tumour if it is cystic in nature.

Stereotactic Biopsy:
A surgical procedure guided by scans and a special fame which is placed on the patients head in the operating theatre.

Tumour:
The overgrowth of abnormal cells, which may be benign or malignant.